![]() ![]() In short, the modern journalism was bornin Europe under the background of The Age of Discovery, trade boom of European, and social instability made people desperate for timely information. Typographical text production had finally led to the first printing press Relation aller Fürnemmen und gedenckwürdigen Historien from Germany(Encyclopædia Britannica,2017).Įven though the paper was first invented by China (Innis,1972), relative to the agriculture society of China, Europe’s market economy had a greater demand for information. People reproduced and spread information widely and rapidly. It had led to a huge increase in printing activities. The mechanical movable type printing technology along with other printing technology quickly spread through Europe. Gutenberg combined the technology of manufacturing of paper, development of ink, and woodblock printing. Printing technology, the invention and the use of Western typography, was one of the key milestones in the history of human communication. ![]() For modern news, it required a systematic carrier, says the combination of newspapers and printing technology. ![]() However, this was yet not the starting point for modern journalism. Handwritten tabloids of Venice became the culmination of news media in the Middle Ages of Europe, which formed the initial concept of news. During Renaissance and the development of the market economy, people craved for information due to their ideological needs and commercial needs. In the later stage of handwritten communication, handwritten tabloids emerged in Venice. At that time, the forms of news distribution were broadly divided into two categories: the official communiqué for the dissemination of political and military information, and the newsletters mostly for personal information dissemination in aristocratic society. Handwritten communication played an important role in ancient society. This was when newspaper started to emerge. Information transmission could last longer and reach farther. As a result, information could spread without the constraints of physical space and time. The application of the text was significant to the development of dissemination of the information because, with text, information could be recorded. (McLuhan,1962) It includes the period from the invention of writing to the discovery of electricity and its usage in the form of the telegraph. This period can be further divided into three parts which consist of, pictograms(written symbols), phonetic alphabet, and typography, which the last one is the printing press. The oral communication phase lasted tens of thousands to one hundred thousands of years.Ĭopy of Ur-Nammu’s law from Middle Eastern texts up to 5,000 years old. The information content was small and scattered, and the structure of the expression was unordered. It was an era where dissemination of information only served the purpose of survive. People used the kind, sound, and light, or simple symbols and graphics to convey information. There were three distinct periods according to Marshall McLuhan. Human communication history can be divided based on the modes of sensibilities their media made available to them. Printing Press, Digital Age, and Social Movements
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